Tuyere apparatus for using liquid fuel in the fuming process

ABSTRACT

A tuyere is provided for feeding liquid fuel, under a pressure of about 15 atmospheres, and air into a slag formed in nonferrous processes.

United States atent lnventors Appl. No. Filed Patented Assignee YordanTodorov Yordanov;

Georgi Ivanov Abrashev; Georgi Tenev Georgiev; Velyo Dimitrov Zhekov;Yancho I-Iristov Yanev; Ivan Georgiev Rossenov; Velcho Angelov Prodanov;Yordan Todev Roussev, all of Plovdiv, Bulgaria Mar. 24, 1967 Sept. 28,1971 Kombinat Za Zvetni Metali, Dimiter Blagoev Plovdiv, Bulgaria TUYEREAPPARATUS FOR USING LIQUID FUEL IN THE FUMING PROCESS 6 Claims, 1Drawing Fig.

[52] US. Cl 266/41 [51] Int. Cl C2lb 7/16, C2lc 5/48 [50] Field ofSearch 266/4] [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,076,6422/1963 Dhenein 266/4] 3,395,9l0 8/1968 Holmes 266/41 Primary Examiner-J.Spencer Overholser Assistant Examiner.lohn E. Roethel AttorneyWaters,Roditi, Schwartz & Nissen ABSTRACT: A tuyere is provided for feedingliquid fuel, under a pressure of about 15 atmospheres, and air into aslag formed in nonferrous processes.

TUYERE APPARATUS FOR USING LIQUID FUEL IN THE FUMING PROCESS DETAILEDDESCRIPTION The invention relates to methods of using liquid fuels forheating and as reducers in the fuming of liquid slags through a specialtuyere.

There are known methods of fuming slags obtained in the production ofnonferrous metals, which contain lead, zinc, tin, and other elementsthat are volatile in a reduction medium, wherein only powdered coal,prepared in accordance with a special technological diagram, is used asthe fuel and reducer. However, solid fuel such as powdered coal has anumber of disadvantages, most important of which are the following:

a. Additional expenses connected with obtaining it, which expensesamount nearly to the cost of the coal itself;

b. lts abrasiveness which necessitates the frequent replacement ofchannels, tuyeres, and so forth and in stoppages of the fuminginstallation;

c. lnaccuracy and difficulty of proportioning during the various periodsof fuming;

d. The hazard of explosion involved; and

e. High expenditure (20 to 25 percent of the weight of the slag).

lt is also a known fact that experiments have been tried with respect toutilizing liquid fuel for the purpose of heating and of reduction infuming processes, but these methods turned out to be of no practicalsignificance.

A purpose of the invention is to make use of liquid fuel such as mazout,naphtha, and so forth, under particular conditions and by a specialtuyere, as a fuel and reducer in the fuming of slags obtained innonferrous metallurgy.

The liquid fuel is atomized by a nozzle acting under a pressure of overatmospheres in a specially designed tuyere. The mixture obtained in thetuyere is blown through the layer of slag. The expenditure of airdepends on the amount of the fuel which is determined by the slag and bythe necessary reduction medium in the fuming furnace.

The use of liquid fuel for developing heat and for reduction in themethod proposed by means of a special tuyere at the fuming process, hasthe following advantages over the utilization of coal in powdered form:

a. The possibility of precise determination and maintenance of the feedor supply necessary;

b. The possibility of automatic maintenance of the fuel-air ratio;

c. Low expenditure of fuel in relation to the slag (16 per cent);

d. Simplified fuming installations leading to increase in the efficiencyof the process;

e. intensification of the fuming process;

f. Shorter stoppages needed for repairs and overhaul of the fuminginstallations.

DRAWING The sole FIGURE is a cross-sectional view of a tuyere providedin accordance with the invention.

The drawing shows the special tuyere for the utilization of liquid fuelfor the purposes of heating and reduction during the fuming process.From pipe union 2 the fuel comes at a pressure of 15 atmospheres andthrough stem 3 it enters nozzle 4 in which it is atomized. The air isfed to the special tuyere along stuffing box 1. The fuel mixtureobtained is injected into the slag through a pipe 5 immersed in the slagbath.

The invention may be used in all fuming equipment processing lead, tin,and copper slag in enterprises of the nonferrous metallurgy.

With more particular reference to the tuyere of the invention, thenozzle 4 is formed on a stem 6 having an enlarged part 7 accommodated ina bore 8 in the part 9 to which pipe union 2 is connected. The stem 6thus is supported cantilever fashion in main body 18 without externalsupport thereby. The

part 7 is locked in lace by a nut 10 and is rovided with a diametralpassage B through the which the uel enters from annular passage 12 afterbeing received from bare 13 of pipe union 2. The bore 13 isperpendicular to nozzle 4.

Stuffing box 1 has an internal bore 14 through which the air passesafter being received from hose 15 attached by coupling mechanism l6.Bore 14 is arranged at about a 45 angle to stem 6 and intersects thelatter short of the nozzle 4 so that an annular passage 17 for the airis formed. Stuffing box 1 is, moreover, integral with the main body 118whose bore 19 is coaxial with bore 8, there being provided a packing 20.

An extension 21 is connected to main body 18 by fastening means 22, apacking 23 being provided between the extension and main body. Annularchamber 17 has a slight taper in the direction of the nozzle. Pipe 5 hasa bore 24 in extension in said annular chamber there being provided alocking mechanism 25 and packing 26.

What is claimed is:

l. A tuyere comprising a pipe, a nozzle adapted for receiving fuel anddischarging the same into said pipe, a body through which said nozzleextends and between which an annular passage is confined means to supplyair to said annular passage upstream of said nozzle and in immediateproximity therewith, and extension mounted on said body between saidpipe and body and into which said nozzle extends, said annular passagetapering in said extension, a part mounted on said body and providedwith a bore, a stem supporting said nozzle and including an enlargedpart mounted in the latter said bore and a pipe union mountedperpendicularly on the first said part for delivering liquid fuel intothe latter said bore, said stem having diametral openings which openinto the latter said bore for the passage of fuel to said nozzle.

2. A tuyere as claimed in claim l wherein said means is provided with astraight bore for the passage of air, said straight bore opening intosaid annular passage at an angle of about 45.

3. A tuyere as claimed in claim 2 wherein said means comprises astuffing box containing said straight bore.

4. A tuyere as claimed in claim 1 wherein said stem is supportedcantilever fashion in said body without external support thereby.

5. A tuyere as claimed in claim ll wherein said pipe and extension havea combined length at least as great as the length of said stem 6. Atuyere as claimed in claim 1 comprising means detachably connecting saidpipe to said extension and means detachably connecting said extension tosaid body.

1. A tuyere comprising a pipe, a nozzle adapted for receiving fuel anddischarging the same into said pipe, a body through which said nozzleextends and between which an annular passage is confined, means tosupply air to said annular passage upstream of said nozzle and inimmediate proximity therewith, and extension mounted on said bodybetween said pipe and body and into which said nozzle extends, saidannular passage tapering in said extension, a part mounted on said bodyand provided with a bore, a stem supporting said nozzle and including anenlarged part mounted in the latter said bore and a pipe union mountedperpendicularly on the first said part for delivering liquid fuel intothe latter said bore, said stem having diametral openings which openinto the latter said bore for the passage of fuel to said nozzle.
 2. Atuyere as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means is provided with astraight bore for the passage of air, said straight bore opening intosaid annular passage at an angle of about 45*.
 3. A tuyere as claimed inclaim 2 wherein said means comprises a stuffing box containing saidstraight bore.
 4. A tuyere as claimed in claim 1 wherein said stem issupported cantilever fashion in said body without external supportthereby.
 5. A tuyere as claimed in claim 1 wherein said pipe andextension have a combined length at least as great as the length of saidstem.
 6. A tuyere as claimed in claim 1 comprising means detachablyconnecting said pipe to said extension and means detachably connectingsaid extension to said body.